1. Leafy sea dragons have leaf-like appendages that mimic the fronds of the sea kelp beds in which they inhabit. This inherited characteristic enables the delicate sea dragon to evade capture by its enemies. The evolution of these leafy appendages is an example of which of the characteristics of life?
a. organization
b. adaptation
c. growth and development
d. maintenance of internal constancy
e. irritability, or reacting to environmental change
2. One of these is NOT a requirement of living things. Choose that trait.
a. organization
b. ability to think
c. maintenance of internal constancy
d. response to the environment
e. energy
3. What is a theory in biology?
a. an opinion or educated guess
b. proof that a hypothesis is true
c. the outcome of an experiment
d. a hypothetical set of facts
e. a hypothesis that has been supported by many experiments and/or observations
4. Which of the following is formulated as a hypothesis to explain why the different sexes of a ringed pheasant look different?
a. The drab coloration of the female pheasant allows it to be camouflaged in its natural habitat
b. Painting a female pheasant bright red will draw attention to it.
c. Male pheasants, painted a drab color, were ignored by the females during mating season.
d. In an experiment, it was found that male pheasants were attracted to the drab-colored female pheasants.
e. If female pheasants were more brightly colored, then they will be "sitting ducks," especially during the hunting season.
5. What are the two primary environmental factors determining the distribution of biomes in different regions of our planet?
a. latitude and elevation
b. temperature and precipitation
c. the tilt of the Earth and relative distance from the sun
d. global air circulation and ocean currents
e. El Niño and global warming
6. "Seasons" on the planet Mars are characterized by variation in the size of its polar ice cap and the severity of its dust storms over the course of the Martian year. What causes these "seasons" of Mars?
a. topographical differences, such as its great channels and tall volcanoes
b. gravitational forces from other bodies in the solar system
c. rising and falling air masses
d. its relative distance from the Sun at different times of the Martian year
e. the tilt of the planet and relative changes in the angle of incidence of sunlight
7. Why can many different species coexist in an ecosystem when they are competing for limited resources?
a. each species is found in a different biome
b. each species occurs in a slightly different habitat
c. each species occupies a different niche
d. each species comprises a different population
e. resources are shared among all species
8. Which of the following is NOT an ecosystem or a definition of one?
a. the planet Earth
b. all the organisms, sometimes hundreds of species, in a given area
c. a leaf that has fallen to the ground
d. a tropical rainforest
e. the kelp beds of southern Australia, home of the sea dragon
9. Many major deserts of the world are situated around 30 degrees N and S latitude. The aridity of these regions can be best explained by:
a. the water-conserving adaptations of desert plants and animals
b. the absence of pioneer species
c. sea surface temperatures and global ocean currents
d. their high relative humidity
e. the dry air masses over these regions are falling, increasing in temperature, and sucking all the moisture out of the ground
10. The transition of your neighbor’s lawn from a uniform lawn of grass to one that is now crowded with tall weeds, tree saplings, and small shrubs is called:
a. primary succession
b. secondary succession
c. invasive succession
d. disclimax
e. transitional succession
11. Returning to your neighborhood some 100 years from now, you see a mature oak-hickory forest. You are told that if this forest is not disturbed, it will remain fairly constant in species composition for ever. How would you describe the ecological status of this land?
a. disclimax community
b. climax community
c. pioneer community
d. primary successional community
e. invasive species community
12. Shortly after visiting your old neighborhood, the weather deteriorates and a freak tornado scours the area, effectively removing the vegetation. How will pioneer species alter the nonliving components of this ecosystem during the early stages of succession?
a. they prevent later successional species from establishing themselves
b. they maintain the community in a recurring state of disclimax
c. they convert existing organic matter to mineral substrate
d. they reduce light intensity and temperature and add organic matter to the soil
e. they permit as much sunlight (energy) as possible to reach the ground
13. Species that are non-native to a particular ecosystem and whose introduction has caused economic or environmental harm are called what?
a. pioneer species
b. disclimax species
c. invasive species
d. secondary species
e. successional species
14. John Deere and his self-scouring steel-bladed plow, and all others who used this implement, were able to convert tallgrass prairie into agricultural land. The maintenance of this land by repeated plowing, sowing, and raising crops is an artifical form of maintaining what?
a. a disclimax commnity
b. a climax community
c. a biological community
d. a pioneer community
e. all of the above
15. Which factor would cause the change in the growth rate of the population from time 1 to time 2?
| a. intrinsic growth factors b. density dependent factors c. generation time d. biotic potential e. genetic make up of the species |
 |
Thousands of chipmunks scurrying about
But soon their exponential future would be in doubt
For the birds and the snakes and wolves got the hunch
That chipmunks make a delectable lunch
Charles Sokoloff (former Bio 100 student)
a. as factors determining the intrinsic rate of increase of the chipmunk population
b. as density independent factors for the chipmunk population
c. as density dependent factors for the chipmunk population
d. as exponential growth factors for the chipmunk population
e. as members of the chipmunk population
17. The actual growth rate of a population is calculated by ____________.
a. adding up all the environmental resistance factors
b. subtracting the death plus emigration rates from the birth plus immigration rates
c. subtracting the death rate from the generation time
d. birth rate alone
e. multiplying the generation time by the birth rate
18. Which group of organisms is a population?
a. all the plants in the U of I experimental prairie
b. all the trees in Urbana
c. all the Canadian geese (a species of bird) living in the pond next to Menard's building supply store.
d. all the insects living under the grass of the quad
e. all the pets in Champaign
19. Energy, which originated as light, is transported from the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis to the Calvin cycle in the form of:
a. heat
b. ATP and NADPH
c. ADP and NADP
d. oxygen and sugar
e. carbon dioxide and water
20. When plants do not receive enough water their photosynthetic rate drops significantly. This is because:
a. water is a raw material needed for the light dependent reactions.
b. the stomates close and carbon dioxide is not available.
c. sugar builds up and inhibits photosynthesis.
d. not enough oxygen is produced to keep glycolysis running.
e. water provides the carbon atoms used to make sugar.
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